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What is hyperparathyroidism? How to manage it? What are the precautions to be taken? What are the signs and symptoms? What is the cause of this disease? How to treat it? How can homeopathy help you? All of this answered, in this post and of course our doctors always there to help you. Just fill in your details in the form down below and we will answer all your questions for FREE!

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What is hyperparathyroidism?

Hyperparathyroidism is overactivity of the parathyroid glands resulting in excess production of parathyroid hormone. The parathyroid hormone regulates calcium and phosphate levels.

Does this only affect older people?

The disease is most common in people over age 60, but it can also occur in younger adults.
Women are more likely to be affected than men.

How is hyperparathyroidism classified?

There are 3 types of Hyperparathyroidism:
• Primary hyper-parathyroidism
• Secondary hyper-parathyroidism
• Tertiary hyper-parathyroidism

What are the Risk Factors Of Hyperparathyroidism?

Primary hyper-parathyroidism
occurs because of:
• A noncancerous growth(adenoma)
• Enlargement (hyperplasia) of two or more parathyroid gland
• A cancerous(malignant) tumor

Secondary hyper-parathyroidism
may occur due to:
• Severe calcium deficiency
• Severe vitamin D deficiency
• Chronic renal failure

Tertiary hyper-parathyroidism:
Unknown but may be due to the monoclonal expansion of parathyroid cells.

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism?

Primary hyper-parathyroidism symptoms are:
• Skeletal manifestations include cortical bone loss, bone and joints pain, pseudogout, chondrocalcinosis.
• Some patients may develop a particular type of bone disease called steitis fibrosis mystic.
• Renal manifestations may include polyuria, kidney stones, hypercalciuria.
• Gastrointestinal manifestations include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, peptic ulcers, and acute pancreatitis.
• Neuromuscular manifestations include proximal myopathy, weakness and easy fatigue, depression, inability to concentrate and memory problems.
• Cardiovascular manifestations include hypertension, bradycardia, left ventricular hypertrophy.

Secondary hyper-parathyroidism symptoms are:
Renal failure, osteomalacia with increased fracture risk, myopathy.

Tertiary hyper-parathyroidism symptoms are:
Persistent hyper-parathyroidism after renal transplantation.

What are the Investigations for Hyper-parathyroidism?

• Blood test to check- Increased levels of parathyroid hormone, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, and lower levels of phosphorus.
• 24-hour urine sample to check calcium removal from the body.
• Bone X-ray.
• Bone mineral density test
• Ultrasound of KUB region
• CT Scan of KUB region.

What is the Treatment for Hyper-parathyroidism?

In cases of high calcium levels hyper-parathyroidism is treated by the following ways:
• Surgery is the most common treatment for primary hyperthyroidism.
• Drugs indicated in hyper-parathyroidism are:
• Calcimimetics
• Hormone replacement therapy
• Bisphosphonates

Patients with hyperthyroidism are caused by kidney failure may be treated with:
• Extra calcium and vitamin D
• Avoiding phosphate in the diet
• Drug: Cinacalcet
• Dialysis or a kidney transplant
• Parathyroid surgery

What is the Prognosis of Hyperparathyroidism?

The outlook depends on the type of hyper-parathyroidism.

What are the Complications of Hyperparathyroidism?

• Osteoporosis
• Kidney stones
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Neonatal hyperparathyroidism

For more information, you can visit NIDDK and eMedicine.